Description:The test for allergy requires the medicine to get absorbed slowly else it can result into serious anaphylaxis. So it is given through intradermal route as the blood supply in this layer is less which delays absorption. Additionally the body’s reaction to substance is more easily visible since it is closer to the surface. The layer underneath the epidermis contains a large number of immune cells, mainly dermal dendritic cells.

Description:The preferred site for intramuscular injection using the Z-track technique in adults is the ventrogluteal muscle. This site is considered safer and less prone to complications compared to other sites. The Z-track technique is a method used to minimize leakage of the injected medication into the subcutaneous tissue, which can occur when the needle is withdrawn. It involves displacing the skin and underlying tissues to create a zigzag path for the injection. The ventrogluteal site is located on the hip and buttock area and is recommended for adults due to its larger muscle mass and reduced risk of hitting major blood vessels or nerves.

Description:Instillation is the term used for administration of medication into the ear. Injection refers to parenteral administration of medication using a needle. Inhalation refers to administration of drugs that are gasses or those are dispersed in an aerosol. Infiltration refers to administration of drugs that results in drugs passing into tissue spaces or into cells.

Description:The most common neurological complication after spinal anesthesia are postural puncture, headache and hypotension. Hypotension after spinal anesthesia is a physiological consequence of sympathetic blockage.

Description:• A drug allergy is the abnormal reaction of the immune system to a medication. • Drug tolerance refers to patient reduced reaction to drug following its repeated use. During intolerance of drug sensitivity refers to an inability to tolerate the adverse effects of a medication. • Drug toxicity refers to gradual accumulation of too much of a drug in the blood stream.

Description:Ventrogluteal I/M injections are considered to e safest because this area is free from major blood vessels and nerves.

Description:Kidney is the most common route for excretion of drugs, all others are minimally involved in excretion of drugs.

Description:Hypnotics are the group of drugs which induce sleep. Analgesics relieve pain. Antipyretics bring down temperature and antihistamines are used for treating allergy.

Description:Ideal length of insertion of rectal suppository in an adult is 4 inches beyond internal sphincter.

Description:Iron injection is irritable, so it is administered in well-developed muscles are deep I/M. To prevent leak of injection it is administered as deep I/M using Z track technique.

Description:Rubbing the injection site vigorously after the injection is an incorrect nursing intervention when using the Z-track method of injection. The Z-track technique involves pulling the skin and underlying tissues to the side before inserting the needle and medication. This helps to create a zigzag path for the medication to follow, reducing the risk of the medication leaking back into the subcutaneous tissue when the needle is withdrawn. After the injection, the skin should be allowed to return to its original position without rubbing, as this could disrupt the intended sealing effect of the technique.

Description:A STAT order is an immediate order that requires the medication to be administered as quickly as possible, usually within minutes. It is used for situations where the medication needs to be given urgently to address a critical condition or medical need. The healthcare provider's instructions are to be followed immediately when a STAT order is given.

Description:The most appropriate and safest way to verify the patient's identity before administering medication is to check the patient's identification band. Patient identification bands typically have important information such as the patient's name, date of birth, and sometimes a unique identifier. This helps ensure that the medication is being administered to the correct patient. It's a crucial step in preventing medication errors and ensuring patient safety.

Description:Arrhythmia and cardiac arrest is the complication caused by bolus administration of KCI

Description:The therapeutic effect of albumin will be achieved if it is administered slowly along the restricted water intake.

Description:When a client is receiving prednisolone or any other corticosteroid, checking blood sugar levels regularly is an important nursing intervention. Corticosteroids can lead to elevated blood glucose levels, especially in individuals who are already at risk for diabetes or have diabetes. Monitoring blood sugar helps ensure timely intervention if hyperglycemia occurs and enables appropriate management to prevent complications. While other interventions like monitoring urine output, specific gravity, and drug levels might be relevant in certain contexts, checking blood sugar is particularly important due to the potential impact of corticosteroids on blood glucose levels.

Description:ID at 15 degrees. Subcutaneous (SC) at 30-45 degrees intramuscular (IM) at 90 degrees.

Description:The antidote for heparin, an anticoagulant medication, is protamine sulfate. Protamine sulfate can reverse the anticoagulant effects of heparin by binding to it and neutralizing its activity. This is particularly important in situations where excessive bleeding or the need for immediate reversal of heparin's effects is necessary, such as during surgery or in cases of heparin overdose.

Description:When a patient's blood glucose level is critically low (as in this case with a GRBS of 40 mg%), the immediate management is to administer a concentrated source of glucose to rapidly raise the blood sugar levels. In this situation, 50% dextrose is administered intravenously to provide a quick increase in blood glucose levels. This helps to prevent or manage hypoglycemia, which can lead to various complications if not addressed promptly.

Description:Sensitivity and reaction to a drug are tested by administering the drug intradermally. This means injecting a small amount of the drug just under the skin using a very fine needle. This type of test is often referred to as a skin test or intradermal test and is commonly used to assess allergies or sensitivities to specific substances, such as certain medications or allergens.

Description:Antiemetics are the medications used for nausea and vomiting. Analgesics for pain relief. Antipyretics to bring down temperature and antibiotics to treat infections.

Description:25 G, 5/8’’ long needle is the recommended size for insulin injection because insulin is administered by the subcutaneous route. Large needle like 18G is recommended for IM injection.

Description:Vastus lateralis site is the preferred site for IM injection in infants.

Description:The abbreviation "OD" stands for "once a day." It's commonly used in medical contexts to indicate that a medication should be taken once per day. The other abbreviations have different meanings: "BD" stands for "twice a day," "TD" stands for "three times a day," and "HS" stands for "at bedtime."

Description:The abbreviation "HS" stands for "hora somni," which means "at bedtime" in Latin. It's commonly used in medical contexts to indicate that a medication should be taken at the time of going to bed. The other abbreviations have different meanings: "OD" stands for "once a day," "BD" stands for "twice a day," and "TD" stands for "three times a day."