NATIONAL AND STATE NURSING EXAM- MCQ _MG_00 185
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1. ‘Hospice’ is the treatment concept for:
a. Terminally ill cancer patient
b. Cardiac patients
c. All of the above.
d. Psychiatric patients
Answer: a. Terminally ill cancer patient
Description:Hospice care is the best compassionate care for those patient who all are facing life limiting chronical disease condition. It is planned according to patient wishes and to meet medical need, pain management, emotional support and spiritual need of the patient.
2. ‘Not, not me’ reaction of the patients is seen in which stage of death (terminal patients)?
a. Anger
b. Denial
c. Acceptance.
d. Bargaining
Answer: b. Denial
Description:As per Kubler-Ross stages of grieving (DABDA), not to me is seen in denial stage. Denial, anger, bargaining, Depression and acceptance are the various stages of grief process.
3. The key aspect of palliative care is:
a. Pain relief
b. Ostomy care
c. General care
d. Emotional support
Answer: a. Pain relief
Description:This means helping patients manage and reduce their physical pain and discomfort, so they can have a better quality of life despite their health challenges.
4. What is the appropriate nursing measure, when the wife of a person is just diagnosed with cancer?
a. Tell the person that is normal for everyone
b. Provide comfort measures.
c. Provide anticipatory support for grief
d. Discuss the situation of the client with other nurse.
Answer: c. Provide anticipatory support for grief
Description:This means offering emotional support and guidance to help her cope with the feelings of grief and uncertainty that can come with such a diagnosis. It involves actively listening, providing information, and showing empathy to help her navigate through her emotions and concerns during this challenging time.
5. What is the final stage of Kubler Ross stages of grief?
a. Denial
b. Acceptance
c. Anger
d. Bargaining.
Answer: b. Acceptance
Description:In the acceptance stage, individuals have moved beyond the initial shock, denial, anger, and bargaining, and they have found a way to come to terms with the reality of the situation. This doesn't mean they are necessarily happy about it, but they have reached a level of understanding and emotional resolution. It's important to note that not everyone reaches the stage of acceptance, and the stages of grief can vary greatly from person to person.
6. In triage, yellow color indicates:
a. Dead
b. Urgent
c. Emergent
d. Non-urgent
Answer: b. Urgent
Description:Yellow is used to categorize patients who require medical attention relatively quickly but their conditions are not immediately life-threatening. These patients need timely care to prevent their conditions from worsening but can wait for a slightly longer period compared to those marked with red (Emergent) who need immediate attention.
7. Which is considered as internal disaster:
a. Patient fall
b. Unexpected staff absences due to illness.
c. The massive spread of pneumonia
d. A computer hacking episode
Answer: a. Patient fall
Description:An internal disaster is typically an event that occurs within a healthcare facility and affects its operations. Among the options provided: a. Patient fall An incident like a patient fall within the healthcare facility can be considered an internal disaster as it affects the safety and well-being of patients within the facility. It requires immediate response and coordination to ensure that the patient is provided with appropriate care and to prevent further incidents. The other options, while they may present challenges or issues, are not necessarily internal disasters in the context of healthcare facility management: b. The massive spread of pneumonia: This could be a public health concern but might not be classified as an internal disaster within a single healthcare facility. c. A computer hacking episode: This might affect data security and operations, but it's more related to information technology and cybersecurity rather than a traditional internal disaster. d. Unexpected staff absences due to illness: This could impact staffing and workflow, but it's not a typical internal disaster scenario.
8. In a hospital, there are 4 patients who require attention of the nurse. Whom of the following should the nurse attend first?
a. 66 year old waiting to be discharged
b. 21 years old post op patient complaining of pain
c.34 years old asthma patient asking to ambulate
d. 66 years old with pneumothorax complaining of shortness of breath.
Answer: d. 66 years old with pneumothorax complaining of shortness of breath.
Description:A patient with pneumothorax (collapsed lung) complaining of shortness of breath requires immediate attention as it affects their ability to breathe properly. Breathing (B) is a critical aspect of patient care, and any issue related to breathing takes priority. Therefore, the nurse should attend to this patient first to ensure their respiratory status is stabilized.
9. Which of the following nursing actions takes priority for a patient who is brought to emergency room complaining of mid sternal chest pain?
a. Chest examination with auscultation
b. Electrocardiogram
c. History collection with emphasis on preceding events
d. Assessment of vital signs
Answer: d. Assessment of vital signs
Description:Assessing vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation) is crucial to determine the patient's overall condition and to identify any signs of potential cardiac or respiratory distress. It provides essential information to the medical team in order to make prompt and informed decisions regarding the patient's care.
10. The process of assessing patients and determining the management priorities during emergency in known as:
a. Collage
b. Lavage
c. Labeling
d. Triage.
Answer: d. Triage.
Description:Triage is the process of evaluating and prioritizing patients during emergencies. It helps healthcare professionals decide who needs urgent care first based on the severity of their condition. This ensures that the most critical patients receive immediate attention, while others are treated in order of their medical needs.
11. A 42-year old unconscious patient is brought to the casualty following road traffic accident. His blood was 80/60 mm Hg. What you will do first?
a. Protect the airway
b. Start vasopressor
c. Order for CT scan of the head
d. Infuse 2L of crystalloid
Answer: a. Protect the airway
Description:Maintaining a patent airway is of utmost importance to ensure proper oxygenation and ventilation for the patient. Without a clear airway, the patient's oxygen levels could drop, leading to hypoxia and potential deterioration. Securing the airway can involve measures such as head tilt-chin lift, jaw thrust, or intubation if necessary. Once the airway is secured, other assessments and interventions can follow to address the patient's low blood pressure and other potential injuries.
12. Deficiency of oxygen in the tissue is known as:
a. Hypoxia
b. Apnea.
c. Hypoxemia
d. Cyanosis
Answer: a. Hypoxia
Description:Hypoxia refers to a condition where there is an inadequate supply of oxygen to the body's tissues, which can lead to cellular dysfunction and potential damage. It can result from various factors, such as inadequate oxygen intake, impaired circulation, or problems with oxygen transport in the blood.
13. In an adult patient, length of insertion of Guedel’s airway is measured between the first incisors to the:
a. Angle of the mandible
b. Oropharynx
c. Nasopharynx
d. Ear lobe
Answer: a. Angle of the mandible
Description:The Guedel's airway, also known as an oropharyngeal airway, is a medical device used to maintain an open airway in unconscious patients or those at risk of airway obstruction. Inserting it correctly involves positioning it from the patient's mouth to the angle of the mandible to help keep the tongue away from the posterior pharyngeal wall and prevent airway obstruction.
14. An accident victim is ablet to obey commands and walk, this patient comes under which color in triage?
a. Red
b. Yellow
c. Green
d. Black
Answer: c. Green
Description:In triage systems, the "green" category often represents patients with minor injuries or those who are "walking wounded." These patients have relatively stable conditions and can wait for medical attention, as their injuries are not immediately life-threatening. They are generally considered less urgent compared to patients in the "red" or "yellow" categories who require more immediate medical attention.
15. From the following clients, which client should be treated first according to triage?
a. 86 year old male client with head injury
b. 12 year old female client with major injury
c. 56 year old client sever cardiac abnormalities
d. 45 year old female client with severe bleeding.
Answer: b. 12 year old female client with major injury
Description:12 year old female client with major injury because this client is having highest life expectancy.
16. Which of the following clients wound be triaged with ‘black color’?
a. Client with tingling sensation in the lower leg
b. Client with spinal cord injury
c. Client with distended abdomen
d. Client has decerebrate posturing
Answer: d. Client has decerebrate posturing
Description:In a medical triage system that uses color codes to prioritize patients, the "black color" category is often used for patients who have severe injuries or conditions that are unlikely to survive even with medical intervention. Decerebrate posturing, which involves abnormal rigid extension of the limbs and indicates severe brain damage, would typically be categorized as "black" as the chances of survival are very low. The other options describe conditions that would be categorized differently based on their severity and urgency.
17. While triaging, which of the following clients should be given priority treatment?
a. Patient with burn injury of 55%
b. Patient with clavicle fracture
c. Patient with sucking chest wound
d. An unresponsive head injury client
Answer: c. Patient with sucking chest wound
Description:In a triage situation, the patient with a sucking chest wound should be given priority treatment. A sucking chest wound can lead to tension pneumothorax, a life-threatening condition where air accumulates in the pleural space, causing the lung to collapse and putting pressure on the heart and other organs. Immediate intervention is required to prevent further deterioration. The other conditions, while important, may not be as immediately life-threatening as a sucking chest wound.
18. Which of the following conditions will be treated as triage color ‘green’?
a. Client with sucking chest wound
b. Client with abdominal injury
c. An unresponsive client with head injury
d. Client with bruises in their legs and sprain in ankle
Answer: d. Client with bruises in their legs and sprain in ankle
Description:Clients with bruises in their legs and sprain in ankle can be able to move and can be able to treat their own injury. So, these clients are treated as green in triage category.
19. A child is to receive dexamethasone (Decadron) intravenously at the ordered dosage of 7.6 mg. The drug concertation in the vial is 4 mg/mL. which of the following amounts wound the nurse administer?
a. 0.05 mL
b. 0.72 mL
c. 1.9 mL
d. 3.8 mL
Answer: c. 1.9 mL
Description:Calculation of drug dose of --Liquid drugs: D/H x Q =X -D = Dose desired -H = Dose on Hand -Q = Quantity -X = Dose to be administered -According to the given question: -D=7.6 mg; H = 4 mg; Q = 1 mL -X = D/H x 1 =1.9 -Dose to be administered is 1.9 mL.
20. A child is to receive 500 mL of an IV solution over 12 hours via tubing that delivers micro drips at 60 drops mL. the nurse would infuse solution at which of the following rates?
a. 42 drops./minutes
b. 48 drops/minutes
c. 63 drops/minutes
d. 84 drops/minutes
Answer: a. 42 drops./minutes
Description:To calculate the infusion rate in drops per minute, you can use the following formula: Infusion Rate (drops/minute) = (Volume to be infused in drops) / Time in minutes Given that the child is to receive 500 mL of an IV solution over 12 hours (which is 720 minutes), and the tubing delivers micro drips at 60 drops/mL, you can calculate the infusion rate: Volume to be infused in drops = 500 mL * 60 drops/mL = 30000 drops Time in minutes = 12 hours * 60 minutes/hour = 720 minutes Infusion Rate = 30000 drops / 720 minutes ≈ 41.67 drops/minute Among the provided options, the closest answer is (a) 42 drops/minute, which is the correct choice.
21. 500 mL of IV fluids needs to be administered over 5 hrs. Drop factors is 20. Calculate drops/minute?
a. 35 drops/min
b. 33 drops/min
c. 32 drops/min
d. 34 drops/min
Answer: b. 33 drops/min
Description:To calculate the flow rate in drops per minute (dpm), you can use the formula: -Flow rate (dpm) = (Volume to be infused in mL * Drop factor) / Time in minutes -Given: -Volume to be infused = 500 mL -Drop factor = 20 drops/mL -Time = 5 hours = 5 * 60 minutes = 300 minutes -Flow rate (dpm) = (500 mL * 20 drops/mL) / 300 minutes -Flow rate (dpm) = 10000 drops / 300 minutes -Flow rate (dpm) ≈ 33.33 drops/minute -Rounding off, the flow rate is approximately 33 drops/minute.
22. A physician orders 1000 mL of normal saline to be infused over 8 hours. What is the flow rate a nurse has to set if drop factor is 15 drop per mL?
a. 24 drops/minute
b. 28 drops/minute
c. 20 drops/minute
d. 31 drops/minute
Answer: d. 31 drops/minute
Description:To calculate the flow rate in drops per minute (dpm), you can use the following formula: -Flow rate (dpm) = (Volume to be infused in mL * Drop factor) / Time in minutes -Given: -Volume to be infused = 1000 mL -Drop factor = 15 drops/mL Time = 8 hours = 8 * 60 minutes = 480 minutes -Flow rate (dpm) = (1000 mL * 15 drops/mL) / 480 minutes -Flow rate (dpm) = 15000 drops / 480 minutes -Flow rate (dpm) ≈ 31.25 drops/minute -Rounding off, the flow rate is approximately 31 drops/minute.
23. How much will be the drop rate/min if 500 mL of fluid is to be administered over 24 hours via ordinary drip set with drop factors is 15 drops/mL
a. 50 drops/minute
b. 5 drops/minute
c.3 drops/minute
d. 24 drops/minute
Answer: b. 5 drops/minute
Description:To calculate the flow rate in drops per minute (dpm), you can use the formula: -Flow rate (dpm) = (Volume to be infused in mL * Drop factor) / Time in minutes -Given: -Volume to be infused = 500 mL -Drop factor = 15 drops/mL -Time = 24 hours = 24 * 60 minutes = 1440 minutes -Flow rate (dpm) = (500 mL * 15 drops/mL) / 1440 minutes -Flow rate (dpm) = 7500 drops / 1440 minutes -Flow rate (dpm) ≈ 5.21 drops/minute -Rounding off, the flow rate is approximately 5 drops/minute.
24. A client is ordered 75 milligrams of amoxicillin orally. 125 milligrams in 5 milliliters of syrup is available. How many milliliters will you administer?
a. 4 mL
b. 3 mL
c. 2.5 mL
d. 3.5 mL
Answer: b. 3 mL
Description:To find out how many milliliters of the syrup containing 125 milligrams in 5 milliliters should be administered to provide 75 milligrams of amoxicillin, you can set up a proportion: -Let x be the amount of syrup (in milliliters) to be administered. -Proportion: -(125 mg / 5 mL) = (75 mg / x mL) -Now, solve for x: -x = (5 mL * 75 mg) / 125 mg -x = 375 / 125 -x = 3 mL
25. Frusemide 90 mg IVI I charted. Stock dose is 20mg/mL. How many mL would you give?
a. 0.9 mL
b. 9 mL
c. 4.5 mL
d. 0.45 mL
Answer: c. 4.5 mL
Description:To calculate the volume of Frusemide (furosemide) needed to administer 90 mg, considering a stock concentration of 20 mg/mL, you can use the formula: -Volume (mL) = Dose (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL) -Given: -Dose = 90 mg -Concentration = 20 mg/mL -Volume (mL) = 90 mg / 20 mg/mL -Volume (mL) = 4.5 mL
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