Description:All of the above mentioned condition are sexually transmitting disease

Description:Fifth disease is also known as "Erythema infectiosum." So, the correct answer is (a) Erythema infectiosum.

Description:The correct answer is (c) Syphilis. Refrigerated blood for more than 48 hours cannot transmit syphilis. HIV, Hepatitis B, and Gonorrhea can still potentially be transmitted through infected blood even after it has been refrigerated for an extended period. Syphilis, on the other hand, is not transmitted through stored blood.

Description:Syphilis is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. So, the correct answer is (d) Treponema. HIV, Papilloma, and Neisseria are associated with other sexually transmitted infections, but they are not the causative agent of syphilis.

Description:World AIDS Day is celebrated every year on December 1st. So, the correct answer is (c) December 1st.

Description:The first AIDS case in India was reported in the year 1986, not 1987. So, the correct answer is not listed among the options provided.

Description:The HIV virus was discovered in the year 1983. So, the correct answer is (b) 1983.

Description:HIV postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) should ideally be started within 72 hours (3 days) after potential exposure to the virus. So, the correct answer is (c) 72 hours. Starting PEP as soon as possible within this timeframe is crucial for its effectiveness in reducing the risk of HIV infection.

Description:The chance of HIV transmission from mother to child can be reduced by all of the options listed except for: b. Vitamin A supplementation Vitamin A supplementation is not a specific measure for reducing the risk of HIV transmission from mother to child. The other options (a, c, and d) are known strategies to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV: a. Cesarean section: This can reduce the risk of transmission during childbirth. c. Stopping breastfeeding: In cases where safe and appropriate alternatives to breastfeeding are available, avoiding breastfeeding can reduce the risk of transmission through breast milk. d. Nevirapine for the mother antenatal and newborn after delivery: Antiretroviral medications like Nevirapine can significantly reduce the risk of transmission during pregnancy and delivery.

Description:The first country in Southeast Asia to report AIDS was Thailand. So, the correct answer is (c) Thailand.

Description:HIV is not transmitted by: a. Eating with a person having HIV HIV is primarily transmitted through unprotected sexual contact, sharing of unsterile syringes or needles, transfusion of HIV-infected blood, and from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. It is not transmitted through casual contact, such as sharing meals or utensils with a person who has HIV. So, the correct answer is (a) Eating with a person having HIV.

Description:The sexually transmitted disease (STD) among the options provided is: b. Gonorrhea Fibroid uterus, ovarian conditions, and SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) are not sexually transmitted diseases. So, the correct answer is (b) Gonorrhea.

Description:The drug used to prevent vertical transmission of HIV infection in a child of an HIV-positive pregnant mother is: b. Nevirapine for 6 weeks to 3 months to the newborn This antiretroviral therapy is part of the standard protocol for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV. So, the correct answer is (b) Nevirapine for 6 weeks to 3 months to the newborn.

Description:The right method of choice for discarding blood-soaked dressing removed from an HIV patient is: a. Pour 1% hypochlorite on the dressing material and send it for incineration in an appropriate bag. This method helps in disinfecting the dressing material and ensuring proper disposal to prevent the potential transmission of HIV or other pathogens.

Description: Unprotected sex with multiple partners has the highest chance of becoming infected with a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Engaging in unprotected sex with multiple partners increases the risk of exposure to STDs significantly. It's important to note that the risk can also vary depending on specific behaviors, practices, and the prevalence of STDs in the population.

Description:Syphilis infection is caused by a spirochete bacterium called Treponema pallidum, not a virus, fungus, or protozoa. So, the correct answer is (c) Spirochete.

Description:a. CO2 is a major greenhouse gas Carbon dioxide (CO2) is indeed a major greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming by trapping heat in the Earth's atmosphere. The other options are not accurate: b. Stratosphere ozone layer is not harmful; it plays a crucial role in protecting the Earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. c. CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons) deplete the stratosphere ozone layer; they do not increase it. d. The Kyoto Protocol aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by a certain percentage, but the specific target varied by country and the protocol did not call for a uniform 20% reduction in emissions globally. The reduction targets were specific to each participating country.

Description:Air velocity is measured by an instrument called an anemometer. So, the correct answer is (c) Anemometer. Anemometers are commonly used to measure wind speed and air velocity in various applications.

Description:Exposure to noise above 100 decibels (dB) can potentially cause permanent loss of hearing. So, the correct answer is (c) 100 dB. Prolonged exposure to loud noises at or above this level can lead to hearing damage or impairment.

Description:The level of noise that can typically be tolerated without damage to hearing for extended periods is up to 85 decibels (dB). So, the correct answer is (b) Up to 85 dB. However, it's important to note that the duration of exposure also plays a significant role in determining whether hearing damage will occur. Prolonged exposure to noise even below 85 dB can lead to hearing damage over time.

Description:The "acceptable" noise level can vary depending on the context and individual sensitivity, but as a general guideline, noise levels up to 85 decibels (dB) are often considered acceptable for extended exposure without significant risk of hearing damage. So, the correct answer is (a) 85 dB. However, it's essential to remember that even lower noise levels can become annoying or disruptive in certain situations, and the impact of noise can vary from person to person.

Description:The unit of absorbed radiation is the "Rad" (Radiation Absorbed Dose). So, the correct answer is (b) Rad. The Roentgen (a) is a unit of exposure, the Rem (c) and Sievert (d) are units of equivalent dose that take into account the biological effect of radiation, but the Rad specifically measures the amount of radiation energy absorbed by a material.

Description:World Environment Day is celebrated on June 5th each year. So, the correct answer is (d) June 5.

Description:The microorganism not typically seen in fecal pollution is: b. Staphylococcus E. coli (Escherichia coli), Streptococcus, and Clostridium perfringens are commonly associated with fecal contamination and can be indicators of water pollution. Staphylococcus is not typically used as an indicator of fecal pollution. So, the correct answer is (b) Staphylococcus.

Description:None of the options provided is a non-natural gas causing the greenhouse effect. The instruments mentioned in the options (hygrometer, psychrometer, anemometer, and wet bulb thermometer) are used for measuring various atmospheric parameters, but they are not gases, natural or otherwise, responsible for the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is primarily caused by certain naturally occurring gases in the Earth's atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and water vapor (H2O). These gases trap heat from the sun, leading to an increase in global temperatures. So, the options listed are not related to non-natural gases causing the greenhouse effect.