Description:The superego is a part of our psyche, or inner mind, that represents our internalized sense of morality and ethics. It serves as a kind of "inner conscience" that guides our behavior by imposing societal and moral standards on us. So, another term for superego is "conscience,"

Description:The superego is the part of our psyche that integrates the values and moral standards learned from parents and society. It acts as a kind of internal moral compass, guiding our behavior based on societal and ethical principles. So, the attempt to integrate these learned values is referred to as the development and functioning of the superego, making option b the correct answer.

Description:Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory of development associates the developmental task of infancy with the stage called "Trust vs. Mistrust." During this stage, which occurs in the first year of life, infants learn to trust or mistrust the world around them, primarily through the care and responsiveness of their caregivers. Developing a sense of trust in their caregivers and environment is a fundamental aspect of healthy psychosocial development during infancy.

Description:According to Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, the developmental task associated with adolescence is "Identity vs. Role Confusion." During adolescence, individuals grapple with questions related to their own identity, including their values, beliefs, roles in society, and sense of self. This stage involves the exploration of different roles and identities and ultimately aims for the development of a coherent and stable sense of self, free from confusion and ambiguity.

Description:Hildegard Peplau is the nursing theorist associated with the Interpersonal Theory of Nursing. Her theory emphasizes the importance of interpersonal relationships between nurses and patients in the healthcare process. Peplau's theory focuses on the nurse's role in helping patients develop a sense of empowerment and independence through therapeutic communication and interpersonal interactions.

Description:In this scenario, the 5-year-old girl's struggle with whether to take chocolates from the jar without her mother's permission is primarily associated with Freud's concept of the "id." The id represents the primitive, instinctual part of the personality that seeks immediate gratification of desires and needs, without considering the consequences or social norms. In this situation, the girl's desire for chocolates without permission reflects an impulsive and immediate urge, which aligns with the id's characteristics.

Description:Sigmund Freud is not typically associated with the concept of the "superiority-inferiority complex." Instead, this concept is more closely related to Alfred Adler's individual psychology. Freud is known for his contributions to psychoanalysis, including the study of the effects of cocaine, the interpretation of dreams, and the development of the theory of psychosexual stages of development.

Description:The term 'id' was coined by Sigmund Freud

Description:Pavlov's experiment is an example of: b. Classical conditioning

Description:The model that suggests that psychological disorders result from acquiring dysfunctional ways of thinking and acting is: d. Cognitive model

Description:According to Freud's psychoanalytic view, the pleasure principle is the driving force of: a. Id

Description:According to Freud's psychoanalytic view, the social component of personality consists of the Superego (option c).

Description:According to Freud's psychoanalytic view, the psychological component of personality consists of: d. All of the above (Id, Ego, and Superego).

Description:The Oedipal stage of mental development occurs at the age of 6-8 years (option d).

Description:The part of the mind that works on the reality principle is: b. Ego

Description:The Oedipus complex, given by Sigmund Freud, is typically seen in: c. Boys of 3-5 years of age.

Description:In psychoanalytic terms, obsessive-compulsive disorders are often associated with fixation at the Anal stage (option d). This means that certain behaviors or traits related to this stage may play a role in the development of these disorders.

Description:The example of classical conditioning is: a. Dog learns to salivate on hearing a bell. Classical conditioning involves associating a previously neutral stimulus (the bell) with a natural response (salivation), leading to a learned response to the neutral stimulus alone.

Description:Operant conditioning involves learning through consequences, where behaviors are shaped by the consequences that follow them. In this case, the rat's behavior of pressing the lever is reinforced by the delivery of food, which is an example of operant conditioning.

Description:The theory of operant conditioning was developed and experimented by: d. B.F. Skinner

Description:The therapy based on learning theory is: c. Behavior therapy Behavior therapy is rooted in the principles of learning theory and focuses on modifying behavior through various techniques and interventions.

Description:'Reinforcement' is used in: d. Conditioned learning. Reinforcement is a fundamental concept in conditioned learning, where it involves the use of rewards or punishments to strengthen or weaken a behavior. It is not typically associated with the other options listed.

Description:According to Freud, a child adopts parental standards, traits, and habits through: d. Identification Identification is the process by which a child internalizes and incorporates aspects of their parents' personality and values into their own developing identity.

Description:Rechanneling of drives or impulses (aggression) that are personally or socially unacceptable into activities that a constructive (playing football) is known as sublimation.

Description:The fixation of hysteria is typically associated with the phallic stage (option d) in Freud's psychosexual development theory.